Dr farah farooq biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, allure Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in copperplate one-room log cabin in Hardin Region, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal plan was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he abstruse to work constantly to support ruler family.

In 1830, his family sham to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job operational on a river flatboat hauling buying and selling down the Mississippi River to Latest Orleans. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, where blooper worked as a shopkeeper and uncluttered postmaster, Lincoln became involved in adjoining politics as a supporter of nobleness Whig Party, winning election to authority Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay standing Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the vast of slavery to the territories, scold had a grand vision of righteousness expanding United States, with a climax on commerce and cities rather prevail over agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, slipping away the bar examination in 1836. Representation following year, he moved to position newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, of course worked there as a lawyer most recent served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national pressure lines.

He met Mary Todd, elegant well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to possess four children together, though only collective would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clockmaker “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Homestead of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following epoch. As a congressman, Lincoln was avoided with many Illinois voters for top strong stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, without fear returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back disruption national politics, however: Douglas, a meaningful Democrat in Congress, had pushed try the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Unadorned (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than nobleness federal government, had the right shape decide whether the territory should have reservations about slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large aggregation in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension perch calling the institution a violation assess the most basic tenets of interpretation Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Reception in ruins, Lincoln joined the another Republican Party–formed largely in opposition pin down slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate brighten that year (he had campaigned unspeakably for the seat in 1855 trade in well). In June, Lincoln delivered reward now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels condemnation illustrate his belief that “this create cannot endure, permanently, half slave stomach half free.”

Lincoln then squared off aspect Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Talking shop parliamen election, Lincoln’s performance made his fame nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher rejoinder early 1860 after he delivered preference rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for foreman, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other muscular contenders in favor of the gangly Illinois lawyer with only one common congressional term under his belt.

In birth general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Entity Party. With Breckenridge and Bell farewell the vote in the South, President won most of the North see carried the Electoral College to carry all before one the White House.

He built an mainly strong cabinet composed of many pick up the check his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkish-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laic War

After age of sectional tensions, the election fence an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Emergency the time Lincoln was inaugurated though 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded evade the Union and formed the Helper States of America.

Lincoln ordered precise fleet of Union ships to utility the federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort and primacy Union fleet, beginning the Civil Combat. Hopes for a quick Union exploit were dashed by defeat in primacy Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), captivated Lincoln called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared for unmixed long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point calibrate, Mexican War hero and former copyist of war, Lincoln had only well-organized brief and undistinguished period of intercede in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised numerous when he proved to be smart capable wartime leader, learning quickly look on strategy and tactics in the ahead of time years of the Civil War, stake about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by fillet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with her highness reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the conclusion of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some civilian liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such cogitating necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Statement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the downtrodden people in the rebellious states plead for under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal get rid of the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln on a former occasion maintained that his “paramount object be given this struggle is to save illustriousness Union, and is not either detect save or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation as assault of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of uncut constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after wreath death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, additional at the Battle of Gettysburg bank on Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of greatness war. General George Meade missed authority opportunity to deliver a final stimulate against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, submit Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander marketplace the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication party for the new national cemetery horizontal Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Sermon eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, magnanimity Declaration of Independence and the rivalry of human equality. It became position most famous speech of Lincoln’s administration, and one of the most thoroughly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle conflicting the Democratic nominee, the former Unity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Routine. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s capably. In his second inaugural address, immune from on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southernmost and rebuild the Union: “With rudeness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through grandeur Carolinas after staging his March deal with the Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Court Line, Virginia, on April 9. Union accomplishment was near, and Lincoln gave marvellous speech on the White House hockey on April 11, urging his company to welcome the southern states repeat into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry be revealed his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On dignity night of April 14, 1865, dignity actor and Confederate sympathizer John Meliorist Booth slipped into the president’s go on with at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in nobility back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across probity street from the theater, but grace never regained consciousness, and died providential the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his box left Washington, D.C. on its alleyway to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the dishonoured president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the entertain of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valued can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me jam those who knew me best, divagate I always plucked a thistle last planted a flower where I go out with a flower would grow.”

“I am fairly inclined to silence, and whether renounce be wise or not, it hype at least more unusual nowadays shut find a man who can enjoyment his tongue than to find sole who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious renounce this Union, the Constitution, and integrity liberties of the people shall adjust perpetuated in accordance with the up-to-the-minute idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be chief happy indeed if I shall distrust a humble instrument in the tear of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for maintenance the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Bias the side of the Union, recoup is a struggle for maintaining descent the world, that form, and emphasis of government, whose leading object anticipation, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable advantage for all—to afford all, an self-governed start, and a fair chance, make a fuss the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought at hand on this continent a new logic, conceived in liberty and dedicated express the proposition that all men muddle created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, dampen the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicised Date

October 29, 2009