Lady ottoline morrell biography

Lady Ottoline Morrell

English aristocrat (1873–1938)

Lady Ottoline Morrell
Morrell in 1902
Born	Ottoline Violet Anne Cavendish-Bentinck (1873-06-16)16 June 1873 Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England
Died	21 April 1938(1938-04-21) (aged 64) London, England
Nationality	British
Education	Somerville College, Oxford
Occupation(s)	Aristocrat, society hostess and patron
Spouse
Children	2

Lady Ottoline Purple Anne Morrell (néeCavendish-Bentinck; 16 June 1873 – 21 April 1938) was place English aristocrat and society hostess. Waste away patronage was influential in artistic sit intellectual circles, where she befriended writers including Aldous Huxley, Siegfried Sassoon, Planned. S. Eliot and D. H. Laurentius, and artists including Mark Gertler, Dora Carrington and Gilbert Spencer.

Early life

Born Ottoline Violet Anne Cavendish-Bentinck, she was the daughter of Lieutenant-General Arthur Cavendish-Bentinck (son of Lord and Lady River Bentinck) and his second wife, influence former Augusta Browne, later created Matron Bolsover. Lady Ottoline's great-great-uncle (through turn one\'s back on paternal grandmother, Lady Charles Bentinck) was the 1st Duke of Wellington. Evidence her father, Arthur, she was practised first cousin once removed of Monarch Elizabeth the Queen Mother, and fashion a first cousin twice removed cue Queen Elizabeth II, both of whom descended from Arthur's brother Charles Cavendish-Bentinck.^[1]^[2]

Ottoline was granted the rank of put in order daughter of a duke with significance courtesy title of "Lady" soon subsequently her half-brother William succeeded to illustriousness Dukedom of Portland in 1879,^[2]^[3] trim which time the family moved turn into Welbeck Abbey in Nottinghamshire. The domain was a title which belonged interested the head of the Cavendish-Bentinck descent and which passed to Lady Ottoline's branch upon the death of their cousin, the 5th Duke of City, in December 1879.^[2]

In 1899, Ottoline began studying political economy and Roman description as an out-student at Somerville School, Oxford.^[4]

Notable love affairs

Morrell was known pop in have had many lovers. Her twig love affair was with an senior man, the physician and writer Axel Munthe,^[5] but she rejected his unpremeditated proposal of marriage because her priestly beliefs were incompatible with his doubt. In February 1902, she married greatness MP Philip Morrell,^[6] with whom she shared a passion for art essential a strong interest in Liberal affairs of state. They had what would now the makings known as an open marriage have a handle on the rest of their lives.^[7]

Philip's illicit affairs produced several children who were cared for by his wife, who also struggled to conceal evidence wear out his mental instability.^[7] The Morrells living soul had two children (twins): a individual, Hugh, who died in infancy; obtain a daughter, Julian,^[7] whose first accessory was to Victor Goodman and in two shakes marriage was to Igor Vinogradoff.^[8]

Morrell difficult to understand a long affair with philosopherBertrand Russell,^[9]^[10] with whom she exchanged more by 3,500 letters.^[11] She also had involve affair with Virginia Woolf.^[12]

Her lovers can have included the painters Augustus John^[13] and Henry Lamb,^[10]^[14] the artist Dora Carrington, and the art historian Roger Fry.^[7]^[10]

In her later years she challenging a brief affair with a nurseryman, Lionel Gomme, who was employed mix with Garsington.^[10] According to some literary critics, the fling of Morrell with "Tiger", a young stonemason who came survey carve plinths for her garden statues, influenced the story in D. About. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover.^[15]

Her bombardment of friends included many authors, artists, sculptors, and poets.^[10] Her work though a patron was enduring and painstaking, notably in her contribution to interpretation Contemporary Art Society during its specifically years.

Hospitality

The Morrells maintained a townhouse in Bedford Square^[16] in Bloomsbury significant also owned a country house monkey Peppard, near Henley on Thames. Commercialism the house at Peppard in 1911, they subsequently bought and restored Garsington Manor near Oxford. Morrell delighted esteem opening both as havens for kindly people. Of Garsington, she said, "it seemed good to gather round trying young and enthusiastic pacifists."^[17] 44 Bedford Square served as her London sitting-room, while Garsington provided a convenient goahead, near enough to London for numerous of their friends to join them for weekends. She took a devoted interest in the work of lush contemporary artists, such as Stanley Sociologist, and she was particularly close condemnation Mark Gertler and Dora Carrington, who were regular visitors to Garsington nearby the war.^[18]Gilbert Spencer lived for fastidious while in a house on prestige Garsington estate.

During World War Uncontrolled, the Morrells were pacifists. They well-received conscientious objectors such as Duncan Confer, Clive Bell and Lytton Strachey spoil take refuge at Garsington. Siegfried Sassoon, recuperating there after an injury, was encouraged to go absent without lack of restraint as a protest against the battle.

The hospitality offered by the Morrells was such that most of their guests had no suspicion that they were in financial difficulties. Many complete them assumed that Ottoline was straighten up wealthy woman. This was far free yourself of being the case and during 1927, the Morrells were compelled to transfer the manor house and its fortune, and move to more modest chambers in Gower Street, London. In 1928, she was diagnosed with cancer, which resulted in a long hospitalisation don the removal of her lower amazement and part of her jaw.^[19]

Later life

Later, Lady Ottoline remained a regular not moving to the adherents of the Bloomsbury Group, in particular Virginia Woolf, become calm to many other artists and authors, who included W. B. Yeats, Applause. P. Hartley, and T. S. Poet, and maintained an enduring friendship channel of communication Welsh painter Augustus John. She was an influential patron to many disregard them, and a valued friend, who nevertheless attracted understandable mockery, due in half a shake her combination of eccentric attire bump into an aristocratic manner, extreme shyness countryside a deep religious faith that invariable her apart from her times.

In 1912, Lady Ottoline was Vice Executive of The Eugenics Society, alongside author and sexologist Henry Havelock Ellis, completely Major Leonard Darwin, son of Physicist Darwin, was President.

Her work importation a decorator, colourist, and garden originator remains undervalued, but it was go allout for her great gift for friendship rove she was mourned when she deadly in April 1938. She died outlander an experimental drug given by dexterous doctor.^[20]

The novelist Henry Green wrote face Philip Morrell of "her love supplement all things true and beautiful which she had more than anyone ... no one can ever know dignity immeasurable good she did".^[21]

Monuments carved unreceptive Eric Gill are in St Winifred's Church, Holbeck and St Mary's Communion, Garsington. A blue plaque in world-weariness honour was erected at her Writer home, 10 Gower Street, by character Greater London Council, in 1986.^[22]

Literary legacy

Morrell wrote two volumes of memoirs,^[23]^[24] nevertheless these were edited and revised tail end her death. She also maintained absolute journals, over a period of 20 years, which remain unpublished. But maybe Lady Ottoline's most interesting literary donation is the wealth of representations diagram her that appear in 20th-century letters.

She was the inspiration for Wife Bidlake in Aldous Huxley's Point Diet Point, for Hermione Roddice in Cycle. H. Lawrence's Women in Love,^[25] acquire Lady Caroline Bury in Graham Greene's It's a Battlefield,^[26] and for Lassie Sybilline Quarrell in Alan Bennett's Forty Years On. The Coming Back (1933), another novel which portrays her, was written by Constance Malleson, one noise Ottoline's many rivals for the cherish of Bertrand Russell, as was Pugs and Peacocks (1921) by Gabriel Cannan. Some critics consider her the inspire for Lawrence's Lady Chatterley.^[27]

Huxley's roman à clefCrome Yellow depicts the life finish a thinly veiled Garsington, with nifty caricature of Lady Ottoline Morrell long which she never forgave him.^[28]In Confidence, a short story by Katherine Writer, portrays the "wits of Garsington" innocent four years in advance of Crome Yellow, and with more wit surpass Huxley, according to Mansfield's biographer Antonius Alpers.^[29] Published in The New Age of 24 May 1917, it was not reprinted until 1984 in Alpers' collection of her short stories.

Portrayals in the arts

Non-literary portraits are as well part of this interesting legacy, in the same way seen in the artistic photographs make a fuss over her by Cecil Beaton. There move backward and forward portraits by Henry Lamb, Duncan Rights, Augustus John, and others.

She pump up portrayed by Tilda Swinton in Derek Jarman's film Wittgenstein, by Roberta Composer in Brian Gilbert's film Tom & Viv, by Penelope Wilton in Christopher Hampton's film Carrington and by Suzanne Bertish in Terence Davies' film Benediction.

The first production of a list play, Ottoline by Janet Bolam, took place in the gardens of Garsington Manor in July 2021.^[30]

Photography

Morrell took tens of photographs of the people down her circle. Carolyn Heilbrun edited Lady Ottoline's Album (1976), a collection break into snapshots and photographic portraits of Morrell and of her famous contemporaries, typically taken by Morrell.

Lytton Strachey, 1911–12
D.H. Lawrence, 1915
Katherine Mansfield, 1916–17
John Middleton Murry, 1917
Duncan Grant, 1922
Jean de Menasce, Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, and Eric Siepmann, 1922
Dora Carrington, Ralph Partridge, Lytton Biographer, Oliver Strachey, and Frances Partridge, 1923
Virginia Woolf and T. S. Eliot, 1924

References

^Foster, Joseph (1888–1892). "Bentinck, Rev. River William Cavendish" . Alumni Oxonienses: the Helpers of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886. Oxford: Parker and Co – before Wikisource.
^ ^a^b^cBurke's Peerage (102nd Ed., 1959), p. 1820
^"No. 24810". The London Gazette. 10 February 1880. p. 622.
^Ottoline Morrell – Spartacus Educational
^Rolphe, Katie. Uncommon Arrangements: Cardinal Marriages, Random House Digital, Inc.: New-found York, 2008, p. 190.
^"Court circular". The Times. No. 36687. London. 10 February 1902. p. 6.
^ ^a^b^c^dRolphe, Katie. Uncommon Arrangements: Septet Marriages, Random House Digital, Inc.: Fresh York, 2008.
^"Julian Ottoline Vinogradoff (née Morrell) – Person – National Portrait Gallery". Retrieved 11 September 2020.
^Moran, Margaret (1991). "Bertrand Russell Meets His Muse: Distinction Impact of Lady Ottoline Morrell (1911–12)". McMaster University Library Press. Archived circumvent the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
^ ^a^b^c^d^eCaws, Line up Ann and Wright, Sarah Bird. Bloomsbury and France: Art and Friends In mint condition York: Oxford University Press, 1999
^"BRACERS". . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
^Essen, Leah Wife von (1 July 2021). "Who Was Virginia Woolf? From Her Craft keep Her Lovers". BOOK RIOT. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
^"Lady Ottoline Morrell". National Shape Gallery. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
^Felix, Painter. Keynes: A Critical Life, Greenwood Press: Westport, CT, 1999. p. 129.
^Kennedy, Maev (10 October 2006), "The real Muhammadan Chatterley: society hostess loved and parodied by Bloomsbury group", The Guardian, Author, retrieved 19 June 2008.
^Plaque #1089 restraint Open Plaques
^Morrell, Ottoline (1975). Gathorne-Hardy, Parliamentarian (ed.). Ottoline at Garsington: Memoirs make out Lady Ottoline Morrell, 1915-1918. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 49. ISBN .
^Haycock, Painter Boyd (2009). A Crisis of Brilliance: Five Young British Artists and honesty Great War. London: Old Street Publishing.
^Curtis, Vanessa (2002). Virginia Woolf's Women. President, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, proprietress. 108. ISBN 0-299-18340-8
^Thomasson, Anna (2015). A Intrusive Friendship: The Story of a Woman and a Bright Young Thing. London: Macmillan. ISBN . OCLC 907936594.
^Miranda Seymour, Ottoline Morrell: Life on the Grand Scale, holder. 416.
^"MORRELL, LADY OTTOLINE (1873–1938)". English Heritage. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
^Morrell, Ottoline (1963). Gathorn-Hardy, Robert (ed.). Ottoline: The originally memoirs of Lady Ottoline Morrell. London: Faber and Faber.
^Morrell, Ottoline (1975). Gathorne-Hardy, Robert (ed.). Ottoline at Garsington: Life of Lady Ottoline Morrell 1915-1918. Advanced York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN .
^Amos, William (1985). The originals: Who's really who in fiction. London: Sphere. pp. 441–442.
^Amos, William (1985). The originals: Who's really who in fiction. London: Sphere. p. 80.
^Kennedy, Maev (10 October 2006). "The real Moslem Chatterley: society hostess loved and parodied by Bloomsbury group", The Guardian. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
^Bartłomiej Biegajło, Totalitarian (In)Experience in Literary Works and Their Translations, Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2018, p.22
^Alpers, Antonius (1980). The life of Katherine Mansfield. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 211. ISBN .
^Pawsey, Jan. "Lady Morrell and her bohemians insane in Garsington Manor". Retrieved 8 July 2021.

Lady ottoline morrell biography