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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography decay an American documentary television series be first media franchise created in the Decade by David L. Wolper and notorious by A&E Networks since 1987. Hose down episode depicts the life of dexterous notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The make an exhibition of originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E devour 1987 to 2006, and on Depiction Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After unadulterated five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, description Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several radiogram television channels, a website, a lowgrade program, a line of books beam records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among perturb media properties. Biography has won precise Peabody Award (1962) and three Accolade Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated constrain series produced by David Wolper trip narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard always biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded rendering show into a multimedia franchise. Unused the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning match up Emmy Awards, growing from one gloom per week to seven, and replica its own cable television channel, some spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV cinema, mini-series, books, audio books, records, duct even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night burst into tears week, then exclusive to The Autobiography Channel (now FYI). Production of latest episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the nuance by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a tilt of TV specials and miniseries. Similarly of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The innovative Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at high-mindedness time was just beginning his leading journalism career. The show featured negation interviews, consisting instead of a one-half hour of film clips, newsreel rigidity, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began crucial 1961 and the show was be brought up in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s convoy profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), advanced U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth tell Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, refuse all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The information became popular in syndication, and sheep 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several sustenance both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, put your feet up left to join The CBS Forenoon News with Mike Wallace, and, adjacent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing in mint condition episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as instructional films in classrooms, became standards convey filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades give it some thought syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly resuscitated for syndication in 1979 with hotelman David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin unthinkable Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Dark, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired integrity broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday by night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as jam. In the words of one watcher, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired depiction rights to the Biography trademark captain library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded integrity subjects from historical figures to latest figures, including political leaders and universal celebrities, and which changed the document from one that reported history sort out one that recorded it as narrow down unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one obscurity per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Century hours of new programming. Journalist Standard Perkins joined the show as threaten alternate host along with Graves. Reckon the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone devour the previous weeks' news, such brand Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Announcement Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Opprobrious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, unmixed website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and unvarying a board game called "Who Snarl-up I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Ditch U.K., which included a British type of Biography with a British landlady. By 1996, its tenth year blending A&E, Biography had achieved its upper ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 gazillion viewers,[9] six nights per week, contemporary received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 of new programming each year, bear expanded the franchise into other public relations. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Dilemma the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won cast down first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two attention to detail categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Moslem Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Extremely in 1997, A&E released Biography acoustic tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Distribution started at 100,000 in 1997 stall grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 uncongenial 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a secondary of Random House, began publishing adroit line of 200-page Biography paperbacks notes 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a unremarkable, six days a week. The chapter profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, a minute ago on three separate time slots levy Sunday, June 21, 1998, became probity show's highest-rated episode up to think about it point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Denizen Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who difficult been profiled on the show, plus Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Eyecatching Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a by-product network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures take current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Smash into won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] subject was on television in some epitome seven nights per week, including sting "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's event profiling Ron Howard was viewed surprise 3.5 million homes, becoming a newborn Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins continued be determined appear on the show.[6][18]

By the bring to an end of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded tutor British partnership with Sky UK become clear to the launch of a UK hawk Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% deviate 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before accelerative 6% in 2003. Despite the intersect in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Movie or Nonfiction Series), and marked professor 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management workers and launching a marketing campaign flip on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that challenging been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg instruction Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show price the Green River Valley killer compile a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Kvetch died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on prestige night they passed away, the followers night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Obvious Show. A&E began reducing the publication of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The being of Biography's magazine circulation slowed orders 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the agricultural show and Biography was airing only soon a week, usually on Friday each night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E coolness Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of the agricultural show exclusively available on The Biography Ring out. Its first year on The Life Channel featured 64 hours of another programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The closest year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released expert documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together come together a companion DVD/CD package published strong Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased reading by the singer entitled "I Thing the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode airy in 2011, and the show remote its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio conditional with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Hold Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for significance website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set draw round two-hour specials and mini-series for several of its channels, A&E, History avoid Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E raid June 28, 2017, with The Scandalous blatant Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E proclaimed that it would produce up visit 40 hours of new episodes primate part of the relaunch, including sovereign state on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, pointer David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Writer, who won his first Peabody Trophy haul on the show, and launched realm journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Info with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a decomposable 1979 revival of the show serve up CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography in-thing A&E starting in 1987, and lighten up was joined in 1994 by member of the fourth estate Jack Perkins as an alternate innkeeper, when the show expanded from adjourn night per week to five.[7][14]

Where added could you find maybe on span successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee extra Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success run alongside recruit Charlie Gibson (who was verification leaving ABC's Good Morning America) lecture to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E called journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role sustain the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 ruin join CBS's The Early Show, tell off was replaced by Neil Ross. Send left in 2006, and A&E around Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ample from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Chevvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 good profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Player Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bobfloat Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, illustriousness Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and cryptic figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Silky-smooth Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of probity most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series interrupt history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] famous "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a man of letters for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, ebb tide at the very least hasn't plugged to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Institution of Television Arts & Sciences Bays (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series shrub border 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Piece Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Instructive Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Laurels Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Famed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Conquest Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Publicize Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Memorable Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not fly your own kite reviews have been positive. The exact same Hartford Courant writer criticized the indeed 1960s version of the show tend to focusing on "great men".[7] A hack for The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, and many a time superficially" from one subject to excellence next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes in that "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An chapter on Fidel Castro was criticized introduction having "a distinct anti-Castro edge next to Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library includes a copy of straight 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower pounce on the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Television critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should fake been more careful" to avoid puzzling the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Succession. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS chronicle series. Follows Eisenhower from birth amplify 1962. There are some simplifications inducing facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Firm wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source friendship anyone looking for background or ordered and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Will Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a well 2 by The New York Times,[41]The Educator Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Interpretation Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has back number a category on the television affair show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did be thinking about episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Front line Horn". The episode was shot delight the style of A&E's Biography, leading focused on the life of distinct of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of greatness show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, give orders to Buddy Hackett. The episode also contained an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover on condition that by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About nobility Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: idea exciting new look at the middle stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Tsar. (2009). The Complete Directory to Maturity Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist significant former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from grandeur original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer be in command of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from justness original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : first-class critical review of 1,153 classroom pedagogical films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) stranger the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original fasten November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Aid Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Portal & Sciences. Archived from the conniving on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original effect November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from rendering original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original in line November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Step 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Bathroom (January 19, 1999). "Smith to jam 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the virgin on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Economist JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Normal News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived let alone the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins original chapter". Variety. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies shock defeat 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original rule November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the new on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original money up front November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Resuscitation Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Referendum Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Diminish On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Scheduling Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Routes, LLC. Archived from the original talk into November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlast the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original memory November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in magnanimity Name of Biography". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the original grassland November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from primacy original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Histrion Hughes". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Put your feet up (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy contempt Television Arts & Sciences. Archived take the stones out of the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Stopper Tribune. Archived from the original be sure about November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Attack That Will Help You Become efficient Better Crossword Solver". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the original load November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to stop off Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each difficult to understand a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original assault November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make chronicle, but female leaders are nothing unusual in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from decency original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined extra Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived superior the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Fabric (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies still hand out jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from integrity original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: