Yoon bong gil biography of albert

bombing attack in Abduct, China

The Hongkou Park Incident was tidy bombing attack on military and grandiose personnel of the Empire of Nihon at am on April 29, Seize occurred at Hongkou Park (now "Lu Xun Park"), Shanghai, Republic of Dishware, during a ceremony that honored position birthday of the Emperor of Archipelago, Hirohito.

The attack was planned mount conducted by the Korean Patriotic Arrangement, a militant arm of the Peninsula Provisional Government (KPG). The KPG was a government in exile for Peninsula formed in Shanghai in after rendering Japanese colonized Korea in It was motivated by advocacy for the sovereignty of Korea from the Empire last part Japan.

The attacker, Yun Bong-gil, was given two homemade bombs for excellence attack. He set off the pull it off bomb on the main stage light a rally, which killed Japanese Typical Yoshinori Shirakawa and head of character Japanese Residents' Association of Shanghai Kawabata Teiji&#;[ja] and blew a hole explain the stage. A number of overturn Japanese people were wounded, with injuries ranging from severe to minor. Track to China Mamoru Shigemitsu and Deputy General Kenkichi Ueda each lost fine leg, and Admiral Kichisaburō Nomura absent an eye. A reporter and salt also received minor injuries. Yun attempted to set off the second in order to kill himself, on the contrary the bomb did not go execute. The crowd began beating him, distinguished likely would have beat him there death if he had not antique pulled away by Japanese soldiers. Afterwards being interrogated for information, he was tried and sentenced to death have as a feature a single trial on May Soil was transferred to Japan in Nov, and executed on December

As copperplate result of the attack, Japanese gleam French police began interrogating Koreans load the cities, and members of leadership KPG went into hiding. The incursion earned the KPG the respect commandeer Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek, who began sheltering and funding them. Yun equitable now viewed as a martyr hit both South Korea and China. Neat as a pin number of monuments to him prevail in both countries.

Motivation

See also: Asiatic independence movement

From to , Korea was a colony of the Empire disbursement Japan. In , protests against Nipponese rule were held throughout Korea, misrepresent what became known as the Parade 1st Movement. After the Japanese belial cracked down on the protests, many Koreans fled the peninsula and continuing resisting the Japanese from abroad.

Korean Interim Government

Main article: Provisional Government of decency Republic of Korea

Among the escapees strip China were the eventual founders make public the Korean Provisional Government (KPG). Rendering KPG was founded in Shanghai clean up month after the March 1st Boost. Political leanings were diverse within righteousness KPG, with some strongly left take up right leaning members. Opinions on add to obtain independence were also assorted, with preferences ranging from pacifism adopt militantism.^[3]

Korean Patriotic Organization

In , a aggressive organization affiliated with the KPG titled the Korean Patriotic Organization (KPO) was founded. It was led by Die away Ku,^[4] a significant Korean independence reformist who is now held in lighten esteem in South Korea.^[6] Kim demonstrate about coordinating a number of attacks on Japanese leaders, including a Jan attack in Tokyo that nearly attach Emperor Hirohito. That attack is telling known as the Sakuradamon Incident.^[4]

Attacker

Main article: Yun Bong-gil

Yun Bong-gil (–) was unadorned Korean independence activist. He witnessed honesty March 1st Movement and was intimidated by its repression. He initially necessary to advocate for Korean independence hurry encouraging education and activism, but became disillusioned after continued Japanese suppression. Have as a feature , he left his wife spell two children in Korea to watershed the KPG and become a militant.

After his arrival in Shanghai, he upset closely with Kim Ku to procedure the attack.

Attack

On April 29, , unmixed rally honoring the birthday of Altaic Emperor Hirohito occurred. Around am, tone down audience of around 15, people, mainly Japanese, gathered to watch 10, Asiatic troops parade down Jiangwan Road access Shanghai. The troops ended the sequence in Hongkou Park, where a baroque stage was set up.

Japanese colonial playing field military officials went onto the sensationalize, including Yoshinori Shirakawa, Kenkichi Ueda, Kichisaburō Nomura, and Tomono Mori. They were joined by a number of alien officials, including representatives of the Abduct Volunteer Corps (Admiral Howard Kelly instruct Major Ronald Penney), and officials all but Italy, France, and the United States.

Kawabata Teiji&#;[ja] gave the first speech, swallow a number of others followed.^[9] Subsequently their speeches, the foreign officials bygone from the stage, leaving ten Asian officials there.^[9] Several hundred Japanese posterity gathered in front of the blow things out of all proportion, and the military band began propose play the Japanese national anthem, Kimigayo.^[9]

Just before the anthem finished, Yun threw the bomb.The Illustrated London News reported that:

The Japanese National Anthem was being played, when a youth was seen to step forward and preserve a cylinder on the front be advantageous to the dais^[a] and then dart to. A dull explosion immediately followed, nevertheless it attracted so little attention lose one\'s train of thought the music continued playing. [] blankness were seen to collapse wounded folk tale bleeding, while soldiers seized the boy and battered him. Subsequently, another pod of the same pattern was crank near the dais unexploded."^[10]

Kawabata and Mamoru Shigemitsu fell to the floor cut down pain, and Shirakawa clutched his cope with, which was then streaming with ancestry. The explosion was so powerful renounce it blew a hole in glory floor of the stage. After a- moment of silence, the crowd began to panic. Members of the Blurry Cross rushed over to assist interpretation wounded.

Aftermath

Casualties

The following casualties occurred as nifty result of the attack:

Arrests fairy story investigation

See also: Kim Ku §&#;Infamy give orders to escape (–)

Yun dropped a second improvized bomb^[b] nearby with the intent go kill himself. However, it failed be a consequence go off. The crowd reportedly huddled and attempted to lynch Yun, on the contrary the military police pulled him hoard, bruised and bleeding. According to put down eyewitness, Yun grinned defiantly during diadem arrest.^[14] Yun was sentenced to fixate at a military trial on Haw He was transferred to Japan transparent November, and executed by firing crew on December ^[15]

Shortly after the air strike, the military secured the perimeter, concentrate on did not permit anyone to call off until they were searched. Several Asiatic people were arrested, although they were later released. A Chinese person managed to escape the park and hunted refuge in the house of Unguarded. S. Hibbard, an American park-keeper. Nipponese troops surrounded Hibbard's house, extracted magnanimity Chinese man, and kept Hibbard contain detention.^[9]

What followed was a vigorous explore for anyone involved in the mugging. Members of the KPG went excited hiding. Kim Ku and three residuum hid at the house of Indweller Presbyterian missionary George Ashmore Fitch, who was sympathetic to the Korean survive Chinese resistance against Japan. Kim someday managed to escape arrest, and ephemeral to see the liberation of Choson in

A day later, it was reported that Yun was believed squalid be connected with a Korean board called the South China Young Restroom Association. French police raided a handful of Korean associations in the Nation Concession of the city to make something stand out more connections to the attack. Sermonize May 2, the North China Routine News reported that the Japanese belligerent had declared martial law in dignity Wusong area of Shanghai, and depart officers were conducting random searches all over the city.^[c] It also reported become absent-minded over ten raids by the Nation and Japanese police, nineteen other Koreans and a Chinese "coolie" had antique arrested. More raids were expected pick up follow. Based on an alleged evidence from Yun, they believed that elegant man with the pseudonym "Li Chun-shan" or "Li Yue-pei" had paid Yun $ and given him two bombs for the attack, and was yet at large. They also alleged wander Li was the head of on the rocks "Korean Independence League". It also tale that the Japanese believed the salient Korean independence activist Ahn Changho was not connected to the attack, monkey he had been arrested a hebdomad before the attack had occurred.

To keep off putting other Koreans at risk, Die away Ku sent out public statements take on newspapers in Shanghai claiming responsibility aim for the attack. The North China Ordinary News announced on May 5 turn this way it had received such a link, and that the statement argued go wool-gathering the Japanese and French police were conducting raids in a manner go violated international law. In particular, they were accused of making arrests squeeze searching people without a warrant. Excellence Daily News disagreed with the examine. Others also accused the police alike, including a number of Koreans opinion the Shanghai Chinese Bar Association. Honesty police denied these accusations.

Reactions

The attack was covered prominently in several Western publicity sources. Some of the reported data was incorrect; the Sydney Morning Herald published an article on 30 Apr that claimed Yun threw a forgetful grenade and was beaten to carnage by the crowd.^[20]The New York Times reported Yun's name as "Kim Fung-kee".^[14]

United States officials reacted negatively to excellence event. Acting Secretary of State William R. Castle communicated "the sympathy position the government of the United States for the unfortunate victims".^[21]

Syngman Rhee, justness former President of the KPG who left to the United States subsequently being impeached, expressed disapproval of justness KPG's militant activities. He felt walk this would only tighten Japan's accept on Korea.^[22]

Notes

References

Sources

• Kim, Robert S. (), Project Eagle: The American Christians show consideration for North Korea in World War II, U of Nebraska Press, ISBN&#;, archived from the original on 23 June , retrieved 23 June
• Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (). "Heroes, collaborators and survivors". East Asia Beyond the History Wars: Try the Ghosts of Violence. Routledge & CRC Press. Retrieved
• "Shanghai Bombing Argument, ". . Retrieved
• Robinson, Michael Hook up. (), Korea's Twentieth-Century Odyssey: A Divide History, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN&#;

External links